Curriculum

The program is designed to teach clinical, invasive and noninvasive cardiology. The trainees are expected to develop expertise in

• left heart cardiac catheterization
• right heart catheterization
• cardiac biopsies
• intra-aortic balloon pump placement
• permanent pacing and cardiac electrophysiology

In addition, there is comprehensive training in noninvasive cardiology which includes

• cardiac EKG analysis
• echocardiography
• transesophageal echocardiography
• stress testing including stress echo and nuclear stress testing
• specific management of heart failure
• exposed to cardiac transplant patients

There is a heavy emphasis on

• physical examination
• bedside cardiology quality assessment
• and patient care

Trainees have the opportunity to 

• understand appropriate coding guidelines
• evaluation and management guidelines
• and attend lectures

An evidence-based approach to cardiology is emphasized with understanding of 

• critical pathways
• guideline development
• algorithm and national guidelines

There is specific emphasis on osteopathic structural exam and osteopathic manipulative therapy and its relationship to cardiovascular disease. Active research projects are developed to determine how osteopathic manipulative therapy can decrease length of stay and improve the quality of health care for patients with cardiovascular disease.